e-Course CHEMISTRY OF MILK


1.

In the milk definition as per FSSAI it is mentioned to exclude the milk obtained from the animal 15 days before or 5 days after calving because of







2.

The milk component which is in highest concentration in all the species is







3.
A close similarity in the fat content is observed in the milk from






4. Higher demand for minerals for the optimum growth of the young one of





5.

The reason for high lactose content in human milk is







6.

Human milk contain a very low level of protein percentage because







7. The exotic cattle breed which can produce high fat containing milk is





8. Individual cows produce milk with variation in composition because





9. The milk constituent which shows variation during the milking is





10. The season during which the animal produces milk with good fat percentage is





11. The fat-free portion of milk is known as





12. The major milk constituent existing completely in soluble state is





13. The stabilization of fat in milk is attained by





14. The milk constituent chiefly responsible for the light scattering property of milk is





15. The milk constituent with low density is





16.

The primary structure of a proteins molecules will consists of







17.

Polymorphism in proteins is caused by changes in







18.

As per the latest protein nomenclature of the milk protein the first letter denotes







19.

The family name of the given protein is indicated by







20.

The sequence of the amino acids in the primary structure of the protein is dictated by the sequence of







21.

The major fraction of the milk proteins is







22. The scientist who first attempted to study polymorphism in milk is





23. The proteose peptone fraction of milk is obtained from





24. The casein fraction whose concentration is least in milk is





25.

Latest technique adopted to study milk protein fractions







26.

The common property of all the fractions of casein is







27.

The casein fraction having two predominantly hydrophobic regions is







28.

The casein fraction having a negatively charged head and an uncharged essentially hydrophobic tail is







29.

The chief carbohydrate moiety associated with the glycoprotein of the casein fractions is







30.

The site of action of chymosin on the k casein molecule is







31.

The first chemical method for fractionation of casein was developed by







32.

Separating the casein from milk is done by using







33.

All the fractions of the casein could be obtained by following the method suggested by







34.

For conducting research studies the method of fraction best suitable is







35.

From milk the Non-casein-nitrogen fraction is obtained by







36.

In milk the necessity to have casein in micelle form is







37.

The stability of milk during several heat treatment is decided by the milk constituent







38.

The core of the casein micelle consists of loosely packed







39.

The effect of heating milk on the calcium phosphate content in casein micelles is







40.

Among the various fractions of casein the fraction which is not sensitive to the presence of ionic calcium is







41.

The carbon compounds which are required for the normal functioning of the living organisms and which can not be synthesize by the body are known as







42.

The fat soluble vitamin which is present in highest concentration in milk is







43. Milk is a poor source for the vitamin






44.

The main importance of the Vitamin E in human nutrition is







45.

The vitamin that is formed by UV irradiation of 7-dehydrocholesterol in animals particularly in the skin is







46.

The whey protein originating from the blood and synthesized in liver is







47.

The two light chains and two heavy chains of the IgG1 and IgG2 are joined by







48.

The fraction that is formed by the partial hydrolytic degradation of ?-casein is







49.

The approximate protein percentage in the fat globule membrane is







50.

The occurrence of non-protein nitrogen component in milk is due to







51.

Any change caused in the native state of protein structure is known as







52. The most heat sensitive fraction of whey protein is





53. The extent of protein denaturation could be lowered or even protected by





54. When the salt concentration is high enough, the proteins will lose their solubility because of





55.

Breaking of the protein and splitting it in to smaller peptide and release for amino acids needs the presence of







56.

The plasma membrane covering the lipid material during its transport in to the lumen of the alveoli is known as







57.

The proportion of the proteins in the fat globule membrane material is







58. The major component of the proteins of the fat globule membrane are





59.

The fat globules in milk exist in a stable emulsion because of







60.

The role of the MFGM proteins of milk in the human health is due to







61.

A reference method used for determination of protein content in milk is







62. A rapid methods for determining the casein content of milk for cheese preparation is by





63. Protein estimation using the absorption of ultra¬violet radiation at wavelengths in the neighborhood of 280 nm, is possible because of the





64.

The method of protein estimation by preparing a suspension of insoluble protein and studying the light scattering property is known as







65. The reagent used to estimate quality of nitrogen in the digested samples by colori metric method is





66.

Resorption of milk constituents during dry period of an animal is brought about by the enzyme







67.

Transformation of one micromole of substrate by an enzyme per minute under standard conditions is regarded as







68. The effect of extreme high or low pH on the activity of an enzyme is





69.

Enzyme which is a constituent of leucocytes







70.

In bovine milk the enzyme having maximum activity is







71.

The enzymes which liberate fatty acids from lipoproteins and chylomicrons of the blood is







72.

The enzyme whose concentration is high in colostrums and is located in serum is







73.

The fraction of casein on which plasmin act is







74. The milk enzyme which is having bactericidal action is





75.

The enzyme which is having carbohydrate moiety is







76.

The oxidase enzyme is very prominent in bovine milk and associated with the fat globule membrane is







77.

Growth of micro organisms in milk is inhibited by the enzyme







78.

The enzyme which transfers the galactose from UDP –galactose is







79.

The enzyme whose concentration in milk increases with the increase of leukocytes count is







80.

The enzyme whose activity in cow's milk depends to some extent on the Molybdenum content of the feed consumed is







81.

The milk constituent which plays an important role in the development of colour in heated milks is







82.

In milk the main disaccharide having glucose and galactose moieties is







83.
The process of spontaneous change between the ? and ? configurations is known as.






84.

The lactose content in human milk is







85.

The structure of lactose when presented in Haworth projection, the ? configuration places the position of the hydroxyl group on Carbon 1 will be







86.

The designations of lactose refers to the configuration on the number one carbon of the monosaccharide







87. At equilibrium the amount of ? form of lactose in solution is





88.

The specific rotation of ? form of lactose when compared to the ? lactose isomer will be







89.

The specific rotation of ? form of lactose is







90.

The most stable form of lactose is its







91.

The form of lactose crystal obtained above 93.5?C is







92.

Crystallization of lactose is inhibited by the presence of







93.
The common shape of lactose crystals is






94.

When the lactose solution is dried rapidly and the viscosity increases quickly the crystals formed are







95.

The density of ?-lactose monohydrate is







96.

Mild oxidation of lactose with reagents like alkaline copper, iodine or picrate forms







97.

The development of organism Bifidobacterium bifidum in the intestinal flora in the gut of breast-fed infants takes place in the presence of







98.

The enzyme lactase suitable for industrial processing of whey or lactose is obtained from the yeast







99.

Acid hydrolysis of lactose can be brought about by using







100.

Enzyme which hydrolyses lactose is







101.

An important naturally occurring protein food with a high content of reducing sugar is







102.

The milk components which are involved in the Maillard type of browning are







103. The Maillard browning affect the palatability of dehydrated milk by producing





104.

Which amino acid residue in the protein is most destroyed by the thermal treatments (0 to 90°C) in the presence of lactose?







105.

The substances which inhibits the Maillard reaction in milk powders is







106.

A chemical decomposition of condensed substances containing a sugar compound that occurs spontaneously at high temperatures is known as







107.

The chief physical change that could be observed in the sugar during caramelization is







108.

The characteristic colour produced during caramelization is due to the







109.

The most important condition for the caramelization of sugars is







110.

The contribution of lactose to the baked products







111.

Lipids are class of compounds insoluble in







112.

The common name for the fatty acid, n-Octadecanoic acid is







113.

The C18:1 stands for ___________ fatty acid







114.

Natural fatty acids found in plants and animals are composed of even numbers of carbon atoms because of







115.

The C16:0 stands for ___________ fatty acid







116.

The form in which bulk of the milk fat exists in milk is







117.

The ester of fatty acid with long chain monohydric alcohol is known as







118.

The major class of milk lipid is







119.

The chief sterol found in the milk fat is







120.

In the milk fat the phospholipids are located in







121.

A convenient notation to represent fatty acids is







122. In milk fat, fatty acid present in the highest proportion is





123.

An example for a monounsaturated fatty acid found in milk fat is







124.

Components of the fat globule membrane are arranged according to the







125.

In milk fat globules the high melting triglycerids are located in







126.

When the secondary hydroxyl group of the glycerol molecule is shown on the left hand side the position of the fatty acid in the Sn1 position will be shown







127.

The notation used for showing the oleic acid will be







128.

In the composition of the lipids of bovine whole milk the component having highest concentration is







129.

The lipid which acts as a solvent for many apolar substances in milk is







130.

The triglycerides are not very reactive at room temperature while the reaction that could be observed at higher temperatures will be







131.

The most abundant compound lipid in milk is







132.

The compound lipid which is having surface active property is







133.

A compound lipid having a sugar group bound to its molecule is







134.

The nitrogen group which is attached to lecithin molecule







135.

Important role of phopholipids in milk is







136.

The major constituent of unsaponifiable matter of milk fat is







137.

The amount of unsaponifiable matter of milk fat by weight is







138.

The cholesterol content in bovine milk fat is







139.

The saponifiable form of cholesterol is







140.

The cholesterol is mainly associated with







141.

The carbon compounds of diverse structures which are required for normal functioning of living organisms and which can not be synthesize by the body are known as







142. The fat soluble vitamin which is present in highest concentration in milk is





143.

Milk is a poor source of vitamin called







144.

The main importance of vitamin E in human nutrition is







145.

The vitamin that is formed by UV irradiation of 7-dehydrocholesterol in animals is







146.

The constituent which determines the stability of proteins in milk is







147.

The electrical conductivity of milk is largely determined by the







148.

The mineral constituent which exists completely in soluble state is







149.

The essential metallic component associated with lactoferrin is







150.

The freezing point of milk largely depends upon







151.

For heat stability of milk it is necessary to maintain the physical equilibrium between







152.

The salt in milk which is present completely in soluble state







153.

The compounds which are having the capacity to tie up a particular ions are known as







154.

The pH at which all the calcium and phosphate will be withdrawn from the colloidal state and converted into soluble state is







155.

Salt balance of milk is a ratio of soluble







156.

The solubilization of small amount of metal in milk cause development of







157.

The most important consideration for choosing an ideal metal for milk contact surface is







158.

The choice of the metal presently used for several milk contact surfaces is







159.

The best method to control corrosion of the metals is to







160.

The metal/alloy which is most commonly used as milk contact surface is